NOUN CLAUSES

NOUN CLAUSES


INTRODUCTION

Noun clause bir cümlede isim gibi işlev gören cümleciktir. Yani cümlede özne ya da nesne görevinde bulunabilir.

I don't know the answer. (object)
                            noun

I don't know what the answer is. (object)
                       noun clause

I don't know her address. (object)
                           noun

I don't know where she lives. (object)
                      noun clause

Our discussion was private. (subject)
         noun

What we talked about was private. (subject)
      noun clause

Her address is unknown. (subject)
        noun

Where she lives is unknown. (subject)
   noun clause


1-1 NOUN CLAUSES BEGINNING WITH A QUESTION WORD

Soru sözcüğü ile başlayan bir soruyu, noun clause biçimine dönüştürmek için öncelikle o cümleyi soru olmaktan kurtarmamız gerekir. Bunun için de soru cümlesi düzenini düz cümle düzenine dönüştürmeliyiz. Bilindiği gibi İngilizce soru cümlesi Yardımcı fiil + özne + yüklem formülü ile oluşturulur. Düz cümle ise Özne + yardımcı fiil + yüklem düzeniyle kurulur.

Question: Why is he coming tomorrow?


Noun clause: Why he is coming tomorrow is a secret.


Question: What time does he start work?


Noun clause: I don't know what time he starts work.


Question: When did he leave the country?


Noun clause:When he left the country is still unknown.


Question: Where are you going on holiday?

Noun clause: Where we are going on holiday isn't certain yet.

Question: What are you going to buy for him?

Noun clause: I haven't decided yet what I am going to buy for him.

Question: When did you buy that sweater?

Noun clause: I can't remember when I bought this sweater.

Question: What have they done about this case?

Noun clause: I have no idea what they have done about this case.

***Eğer bir soru sözcüğü cümlenin öznesini soruyorsa, o soru cümlesinde özne olarak bir başka sözcük bulunmadığı için, cümleyi düz cümle biçimine dönüş türemeyiz. Bu nedenle, soru cümlesi ile noun clause'un sözcük dizimi aynı olur.

Question: Who is coming tomorrow?


Noun Clause: I don't know who is coming tomorrow.

Question: What is happening in that country?


Noun Clause: What is happening in that country doesn't concern me.


Question: Whose daughter has passed the exam?


Noun Clause: I haven't heard whose daughter has passed the exam.


Question: How many students are going to take the university exam?


Noun Clause: I don't know exactly how many students are going to take the university exam.

Simple Present Tense ve Simple Past Tense ile özneyi sorarken, "do, does" ya da "did" yardımcı fiilleri kullanılmaz.

Question: Who comes to the office first?

Noun clause: I don't know who comes to the office first.


Question: Who came to the office first this morning?

Noun clause: I don't know who came to the office first this morning.

Question: Who locks the doors in the evening?

Noun clause: I don't know for sure who locks the doors in the evening.

Question: Who locked the doors yesterday evening?

Noun clause: I don't remember who locked the doors yesterday evening.

Question: What happens here at the weekend?

Noun clause: Please tell me what happens here at the weekend.

Question: What happened here yesterday?

Noun clause: Please tell me what happened here yesterday.

Eğer aynı soru sözcüklerini kullanarak cümlenin nesnesini soruyorsak, "do, does" ya da "did" yardımcı fiilleri kullanılır.

Who visits him every day? ("Who" özneyi soruyor.) 

Onu her gün kim ziyaret ediyor? 

I don't know who visits him every day. 

Onu her gün kimin ziyaret ettiğini bilmiyorum.

Who does he visit every day? 

O her gün kimi ziyaret ediyor?

I don't know who he visits evety day. 

Onun her gün kimi ziyaret ettiğini bilmiyorum.

Who visited him yesterday? ("Who" özneyi soruyor.) 

Dün onu kim ziyaret etti? 

I don't know who visited him yesterday. 

Dün onu kimin ziyaret ettiğini bilmiyorum.

Who did he visit yesterday?

O dün kimi ziyaret etti?

I don't know who he visited yesterday. 

Onun dün kimi ziyaret ettiğini bilmiyorum.

Who did she go to the party with? 

 I don't know who she went to the party with.

"Who, what, whose" gibi soru sözcükleriyle sorabileceğimiz şu soru tiplerine de dikkat ediniz:

Who  are         those girls?

         verb          subject

I don't know who    those girls       are.

                                subject            verb

Who   is        that man?

         verb        subject

I don't know who   that man      is.

                               subject       verb

What      is        this sııbstance?

              verb         subject

Do you know what       this substance         is?

                                        subject            verb

Whose      is         that car?

               verb        subject

Do you know whose    that car         is?

                                    subject        verb

NOUN CLAUSES BEGINNING WITH "WHETHER OR NOT" or "IF.,.OR NOT"

Yardımcı fiille başlayan bir soruyu noun clause'a dönüştürürken, noun clause'un başma "whether" ya da "if getirilir ve soru cümlesi, düz cümle biçimine çevrilir. "Or not" whether'dan hemen sonra gelebilir (whether or not) ya da noun clause'un sonunda yer alabilir {whether ... or not). Ancak "or not" "if'den hemen sonra kullanılmaz. Sadece noun clause'un sonunda yer alabilir [if...or not). Her iki cümlede de "or not" kullanmayabiliriz ve bu durumda anlam değişmez.

- Is she coming to the party?

-      I wonder whether she is coming to the party or not.

                      whether or not she is coming to the party. 

                      whether she is coming to the party. 

                      if she is coming to the party or not. 

                      if she is coming to the party.

(Onun partiye gelip gelmeyeceğini merak ediyorum.)

Do we have to return our assignments by Monday?

I don't know whether/if we have to return our assignments by Monday.

- May I leave early today?

I'd like to learn whether/if I may leave early today.

- Can you help me with my English homework?

I wonder whether/if you can help me with my English homework.

-       Did she pass the exam?

I'm curious about whether (or not) she passed the exam.